Transformer Turns Calculator

Calculate transformer turns ratios, primary/secondary relationships, power analysis, and impedance matching for electrical and electronic applications.

Preset Configurations

Primary Side

Secondary Side

Calculation Results

Turns Ratio

10.000:1

Transformer Type

Step-down
Based on turns ratio

Power Analysis

Primary: 120.0W
Secondary: 120.0W
Loss: 0.0W

Voltage Relationship

Calculated : 12.00V
Calculated : 120.00V

Current Relationship

Calculated : 10.00A
Calculated : 1.00A

Impedance Transformation

Ratio: 100.0:1
Calc : 0.08Ω
Calc : 80.00Ω

Transformer Equations

Basic Relationships

Turns ratio equals voltage ratio and inverse current ratio

Power Conservation

Input power equals output power plus losses

Impedance Transformation

Primary impedance equals turns ratio squared times secondary impedance

Current Values

Current Values:
Primary: 1.00A
Secondary: 10.00A
Ratio: 10.00:1

Transformer Schematic

N₁ = 100N₂ = 10V₁ = 120.0VI₁ = 1.00AV₂ = 12.0VI₂ = 10.00AStep-down TransformerTurns Ratio: 10.00:1

Real-World Applications

Power Supply Transformers

  • • AC adapters and chargers
  • • Power distribution systems
  • • Voltage regulation circuits
  • • DC power supply design

Audio Transformers

  • • Impedance matching for speakers
  • • Tube amplifier output coupling
  • • Microphone preamp isolation
  • • Line-level signal coupling

RF & Communications

  • • Antenna tuning networks
  • • RF amplifier matching
  • • Balun transformers
  • • Isolation transformers

Safety Considerations

  • • Always observe proper electrical safety when working with transformers
  • • Ensure adequate insulation for voltage levels involved
  • • Consider thermal management for power applications
  • • Use appropriate wire gauge for current ratings
  • • Follow local electrical codes and regulations

Understanding Transformers

How Transformers Work

Transformers operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction. When AC current flows through the primary winding, it creates a changing magnetic field in the core. This changing field induces a voltage in the secondary winding.

Key Principles

  • Voltage is proportional to the turns ratio
  • Current is inversely proportional to the turns ratio
  • Power is conserved (minus losses)
  • Impedance is transformed by the square of the turns ratio

Design Considerations

  • Core Material: Iron, ferrite, or air core selection
  • Wire Gauge: Based on current requirements and efficiency
  • Insulation: Voltage rating and safety requirements
  • Frequency Response: Bandwidth and resonance considerations
  • Power Rating: Thermal and magnetic saturation limits

Common Applications

  • Power distribution and voltage conversion
  • Audio signal coupling and impedance matching
  • RF circuit design and antenna systems
  • Isolation for safety and noise reduction